Topic: Black Box Testing vs White Box Testing

Black Box Testing
  • Focuses on what the system does, not how it works internally.
  • Testers do not need knowledge of source code.
  • Based on requirements and specifications.
Examples
  • Enter username and password to check if login succeeds.
  • Provide invalid input to check if an error message appears.
White Box Testing
  • Focuses on internal structure, logic, and code implementation.
  • Testers need programming knowledge.
  • Ensures all code paths are tested.
Examples
  • Unit tests verifying each method in a class.
  • Checking if all if-else conditions are executed.
Key Differences
Side-by-side comparison of black box testing versus white box testing
Feature Black Box Testing White Box Testing
Knowledge Needed No code knowledge Requires code knowledge
Focus Functionality Internal logic, code coverage
Test Basis Requirements and specifications Design and code
Common Techniques Equivalence partitioning, boundary value Statement, branch, path testing
When to Use
  • Black Box: System Testing, Acceptance Testing.
  • White Box: Unit Testing, Integration Testing.